Compares and contrasts the kernels of different operating systems Essay

The Roman Republic Essay -- History, Republican Government, Politics

The Roman Republic started roughly around 509 B.C. at the point when the nobles drove the King and his family out of Rome. This amazing episode helped shape the beginning to the change of the government into a republican administrative framework. This is known to have started by that of the Roman nobles attempting to hold their capacity that they had picked up. The Republic was â€Å"[a] city-state [which] was the establishment of Greek society in the Hellenic Age; in the Hellenistic Age, Greek urban communities got subordinate to realms, larder political units managed via totalitarian monarchs† (Perry 105) This new Republican government, which was directed by the emissaries, was not the most effortless to change. Due to the development in Italy, the administration started to start political foundations. These organizations implemented laws and gave authority which were fundamentally the same as imperium. â€Å"The Romans had an away from of official power, typified in their promise imperium, or â€Å"the right to command† (Spielvogel 117). Since the Romans were truly reasonable in their activities, they made and executed them just varying. The most fundamental positions held were the couple of chose justices and the two diplomats who were â€Å"chosen every year, regulated the legislature and drove the Roman armed force into battle† (Spielvogel 117). On the off chance that the diplomat was in any case involved, either a despot or praetor would accept accountability for now. Because of the limitation of the plebeians, the chamber of decemviri â€Å"was made with the undertaking of regularizing and distributing the laws† (Spielvogel 118). The result of this was the production of the Twelve Tables, distributed around 450 B.C. which just â€Å"led to encourage tumult from the plebeians† (Spielvogel 118). The advantages of this were t... ...uing the faith in different divine beings and goddesses. After the extension of Rome they began creating different types of gods dependent on Greek culture, essentially meaning â€Å"Greco-Roman† religion. Albeit numerous strict cliques that were associated with Rome including Greece were regularly acknowledged, many were exiled. Families were the premise of Roman culture while the prevailing guys paterfamilias, â€Å"held total authority over his children† (Spielvogel 129) and others in his family unit . Roman residents were grouped with three names to separate them from different families, yet ladies were normally just known by one. â€Å"Females will stay in guardianship in any event, when they have accomplished their majority†, (Spielvogel 119) privileged ladies were never allowed genuine opportunity, yet they began making achievements and discovered ways around the â€Å"guardianship† of the guys in their family units.

How to Write an Essay

How to Write an EssayWriting an essay for school can be quite a challenge, but there are several different ways to tackle this question. One way to approach this is to take a course that will help you learn how to do your essay in a certain way. For example, if you do not have a class that teaches you the basics of writing a critical essay, one way to approach this question is to look into the history of writing. This will teach you about the different approaches to writing and the challenges that face those who are looking to write an essay.Essays can be written in several different ways. An essay can be an essay in terms of content or length. A longer essay can include more elements than a shorter essay, depending on what is required by the person reading the essay. The length of the essay may also determine whether or not it should be one that is delivered in a standard way or one that may be dictated. This will differ with each individual student who is reading the essay.There ar e other ways to approach an essay. The more general approach to writing an essay would include using language that is colorful and creative. It can also be about the time period in which the essay is based on. The other way to approach it is based on the topic that is being addressed. If the essay is about a current event, you may want to include several different perspectives and approaches in order to give an overall view of the event that occurred.There are also some specific elements to consider when you are writing an essay. When the essay focuses on a specific subject, you will find many options. The first part of the essay can address the facts and knowledge that you have about the topic.There are some other important aspects that you may have to include in the essay. One of these areas would be using a style of writing that is both innovative and modern. There are a number of different ways to approach this, and knowing what to look for can help you avoid pitfalls that can o ccur if you use an incorrect approach.There are plenty of different essay topics that you can use to help you accomplish this. The biggest part of writing an essay would be what you choose to write about. The essay is a personal statement that is meant to be taken in the context that you think it would be understood. In this process, you should understand the intent of the essay that you are writing.An essay can be completed in several different ways. It can be a presentation of facts and knowledge that you learned from a particular class. You can also write an essay that is centered around some type of specific event. The essay can also include any number of techniques in order to include a variety of different perspectives.When you look at essay topics, there are several different ways to approach this. The more general essays can focus on facts that you learned from a class, an event, or an independent study. If you are taking an advanced class that will show you the basics of wr iting an essay, you can learn the general strategies that will help you write the best essay for that class.

The Cultural Acceptance Of Sex Trafficking And Child...

Steven Ragnauth 5/11/16 POL 266 Professor Judith Duncker Final Paper Chapter 13: Because She Looks Like a Child Kevin Bales’ Because She Looks Like a Child is an editorial piece that enlightens readers on a tragedy that has befallen the country of Thailand for decades, sex trafficking and child prostitution. Aside from the horrific realism of the stories portrayed throughout the piece, the cultural acceptance and evolution of the epidemic is truly frightening and eye opening. Furthermore, Bales explains how in time, sex trafficking and child prostitution has reached American soil in efforts to expand profits and the market for these young, child slaves. While many steps have been taken by the United Nations to help condemn slavery and†¦show more content†¦However, towards the northern mountains of Thailand, people aren’t as lucky to live in the luxuries their brothers and sisters do in the south of Thailand. The mountainous regions are home to harsh living conditions, where only a tenth of the land if fit for agriculture. The result is, those who control good land a re well off; those who live in the higher elevations are not. So, without being able to farm, or hunt, many families in the north have to look towards other sources of income. These other sources often result in the selling of a child, presumably a girl child. The choice to sell a daughter is a part of Thai culture; although it was not preferred, it was accepted as a valid means of survival. Many girls would be sold to the South Thailand as a belief that they would be working in service as housemaids or servers. Instead, many girls are being bought as sex workers. Families would be compensated and would be able to pay for foods, and survival for sometimes close to a year. So in hindsight, selling off one of your children to keep your family alive seems like a logical thing to do. That saying, â€Å"kill one, save a million,† applies here. The economic boom of 1977 to 1997 had a dramatic impact on Thailand’s northern villages. While the center of the country, Bangkok, was rapidly industrializing, the north fell behind. Due to a lack of income and resources, the north had to watch the

Social Interactions And Development During The Younger Age...

2. Social Interactions/Development While observing the younger age group, I observed many social interactions and play. One example was EJ, a male born on 6/3/2015, who was stacking blocks with an adult in the room. He would stack them up and knock them over each time he built a tower. I identified this play as exploratory because he was using the tangible properties of the blocks (Steinberg, Bornstein, Vandell, Rook, 2011). I identified his social skills as normative. He enjoyed knocking down the blocks and thought it was funny to knock over his work. He would giggle to himself every time he knocked them over. He also always looked at the adult’s expression when knocking the blocks over. This was another factor in identifying his normative development because he understood he had an audience and looked for their attention (Oesterreich, 2007). 3.Emotional Development While in the younger age group, I observed many examples of emotions. EJ, a male born on 6/3/2015, gave me a great insight. He showed anger when Tula took his toy. He screamed and yelled until someone paid attention to him. I assessed this as normative because many toddlers at that age have a hard time understanding the concept of sharing. EJ showed happiness as he was running around the room laughing and giggling. I assessed this as normative because he expressed his emotions normally as someone would when they are happy. He also showed affection when the teacher walked into the room by reaching for her toShow MoreRelatedThe Social Development Of Children And Adolescents Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pagesthe peer group plays an important role in the social development of children and adolescents. The peer group is defined as a â€Å"set of people who share at least one trait, like age,  profession,  education,  cultural  status, or economic status† [as cited from http://psychologydictionary.org/peer-group]. These individuals are likely to consist of friends, siblings and relatives in order to form a peer group. Some developmental psychologists may argue the relative importance of peers in social development;Read MoreCross-Sequential Study Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorders1399 Words   |  6 Pagesyears of age. Approximately 60 percent of the sample (N=18) were male, while 40 percent (N=12) were female. Participants were recruited from three local school systems, Blount County Schools, Maryville City Schools, and Knox County Schools and respective daycares. Interested families were contacted by the study coordinator, who conducted a telephone interview to determine eligibility. All children were screened for restrictive conditions (primary languages other than English, alcohol use during pregnancy)Read MoreLate Adulthood And Death Of An Individual Across The Life Span Development Process1474 Words   |  6 Pages Late Adulthood and Death Stephanie Bohle University of Phoenix Late adulthood is a time to reflect back on one’s life, travel, spend time with friends, family, grandchildren and maintaining ones health for the years to come. 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Does the abundance of technology have an effect on the newer generationsRead MoreThe Effects Of Peers And Friends On Social Development1703 Words   |  7 PagesDiscuss the effects of peers and friends on social development in children and adolescents Social development is defined as the â€Å"ways in which individuals’ social interactions and expectations change across their life span† (American Psychological Association, 2014). Social development can also be said to be a way â€Å"to understand the social behaviour of individuals; why people do what they do† (Psychology Press, 2014). The social development of children and adolescents can be influenced by parentsRead MoreSocial Interactions And Development : Young Age Group Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesYounger Age Group 2. Social Interactions/Development While observing the younger age group, I observed many social interactions and play. One example was EJ, a male born on 6/3/2015, who was stacking blocks with an adult in the room. He would stack them up and knock them over each time he built a tower. I identified this play as exploratory because he was using the tangible properties of the blocks (Steinberg, Bornstein, Vandell, Rook, 2011). I identified his social skills as normative. He enjoyedRead MoreSociocultural Theory And The Cultural Construction1486 Words   |  6 PagesSociocultural theory, education is a process of social integration of the individual, which it means that during this process the individuals receiving and accepting the norm of society which is part of the cultural construction, according to Lev Vygotsky. As sociocultural theory is a theory that human learning and cognitive development is a social process possibly by social interaction with culture and society. It has been highlighted in the news article â €Å"China’s WW2 Remembrance: ‘Patriotic Education’Read MoreChildren Are Not Born?1220 Words   |  5 Pagesthe young child’s first curriculum and can be learned with direct interaction with others. There is no way a young child can learn the difference between being nice and mean, rough and smooth, hot and cold without touching or interacting with others. To better understand how a toddler interacts with others I went to my local day care and observed a group of children for a day. Walking into the room I was automatically met with a group of eyes. In the beginning the children had barely interacted withRead MoreIs Nature Or Nurture?1439 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual genetic makeup, which is influenced by genetics and biological factors. Nurture is the influence of outside factors based on each person’s experiences. Until we understand more about both nature and nurture and their impact on human development, it will be hard to understand which one is more important. Once someone understands the characteristics that come from nature, they will be able to understand that we also need nurture to become a successful human being. According to Kendra CherryRead MoreStages Of Children s Development1367 Words   |  6 PagesPreschool children’s development is particularly different within the period of early childhood because their play behavior develops dramatically. They may play independently but within close proximity. We learned the five types of play, Parten talks about in her article, which are Solitary Play, Onlooker Play, Parallel Play, Associative Play, and Cooperative Play. In addition, Parten also found that different ages correlate to the type of play preschool children engage in. For example, older preschool

Chekhov and Carver - Struggles of Real Life free essay sample

Topic: A writer has the power to reflect on the world in which they live. What do the writers Chekhov and Carver say about the struggles of real life in the society around them? Discuss, using quotes and references to characters and scenes within the chosen short stories. The short stories, ‘The Bet’ and ‘Cathedral’ by Anton Chekhov and Raymond Carver respectively, both investigate the struggles of real life in society around them. Chekhov and Carver present the struggles created by greed and jealousy, how easily one takes things for granted and the affect of social isolation on the mental wellbeing of an individual. Greed is the selfish desire for more than one needs or deserves. Once an individual obtains their desired object or possession, a strong impulse to receive more and more can arise and thus negatively influence their daily life. The Lawyer and Banker, in Chekhov’s ‘The Bet’ acted upon excessive impulses and greed. They did not examine the ‘betting’ situation clearly or concisely. At the beginning of the story the Lawyer acted greedy when he accepted the bet from the Banker. He wanted to prove to the Banker that he was not a weak individual and that he was capable to claim victory of the bet. The Lawyer’s behaviour was irrational because he mistakenly believed due to his greed, that the value of the money won, would compensate for the 15 years of voluntary imprisonment. ‘And this wild, senseless bet was carried out! ’ The Banker treasured his money immensely, but by the end of the story, his luck had changed dramatically, whereby as having lost his fortune through gambling, he believed that the Lawyer would ruin him if he were to pay the two million and lose the bet. Therefore, he was willing to commit the greatest crime of all, murder. ‘The one means of being saved from bankruptcy and disgrace is the death of that man! This plan illustrated the Banker’s greed, explained by the extent that he cared more for his money, even over the life of another. Also, he always judged the Lawyers behaviour and thoughts to be the same as his own. The Lawyer broke the contract, as he believed the imprisonment was not worth the money. ‘To deprive mys elf of the right to the money I shall go out from here five hours before the time fixed, and so break the compact. ’ Feeling of can jealousy arise in varying amounts in all individuals, which could have arose from a basis of insecurity, fear or anxiety. Occasionally, jealousy can damage an individual’s happiness and relationships with others. For this reason, it is important to overcome this emotion in order to function effectively. The husband in Carver’s ‘Cathedral’ demonstrated clear emotions of jealously. He displayed this emotion towards his wifes former marriage. His rapid dismissal of their relationship is evident in paragraph two, ‘She was in love with the guy, and he was in love with her etc. ’ The ‘etc’ signifies an apparent lack of interest the husband has with his wifes relationship with the ‘guy. During the divorce of his wife’s previous marriage, she maintained the relationship between the blind man and therefore, the husband was jealous of this fact. He also displayed strong feelings of jealously towards the blind man, Robert. It seems that the wifes relationship with Robert has proven to be the best relationship in her life. This is exemplified when Ro bert visits. The wife appears considerably dissatisfied that she cant be with Robert; ‘My wife finally took her eyes off the blind man and looked at me. I had the feeling she didn’t like what she saw. The husband believes that his wife does no consider marrying him to be a good event in her life, this is best explained in the following ‘I waited in vain to hear my name on my wife’s sweet lips: â€Å"And then my dear husband came into my life†Ã¢â‚¬â€something like that. But I heard nothing of the sort. ’ The husband detested and despised the relationship Robert had with his wife; he longed to have that kind of connection with her, so this is the root of the jealously he experienced. In reality, it is vital to be open-minded and to keep your eyes open. This is critical if an individual is to ‘see’ the world in which they live. To carefully analyse a situation and to fully appreciate what it has to offer. With ease, events in everyday life can be taken for granted, may it be feelings, relationships, possessions, a sense or even life itself. When the Lawyer in ‘The Bet’ accepted the wager from the Banker, he did not realise the severity of what he had done. He valued his life inadequately and with this, it seemed that the bet itself was on his life. After the 15 years of voluntary imprisonment, the Lawyer discovered the importance of human life and how it is easily taken for granted. An individual’s ability to see is taken for granted in ‘Cathedral. ’ The husband is ‘cognitively’ blind in the manner in which he considers life. He disregards his sight, which he takes for granted. He is also very narrow-minded and content within his own world; which led him to neglect the rest of the world. There were two instances in particular illustrate this, the first, is that the husband seemed to believe that the most important thing to women is being complimented on their looks; the second is that he is unable to imagine his wife’s friend Robert, as a person. When drawing the cathedral, the husband was asked by Robert to close his eyes. Upon completion, Robert asked the husband to look at the drawing. The husband thought, ‘But I had my eyes closed. I thought I’d keep them that way for a little longer. I thought it was something I ought to do. ’ At this point, the husband was no longer ‘blind’ because he finally saw Robert as a real individual and not just ‘a blind man. ’ Individuals who are isolated from others lack the emotional, psychological and health-related support that can improve health and functioning in everyday life. Regular social contact is important in giving people the opportunity to communicate and socialise. In times of difficulty, people who are socially isolated can feel they have no one to turn to, which can contribute to an incoherent state of mind. In both ‘The Bet’ and ‘Cathedral’ varying forms of social isolation manifest. The Lawyer in ‘The Bet’ was granted the ability to have anything in his cell according to the bet made, however the exception was human communication. ‘He might have anything he wanted books, music, wine, and so on in any quantity he desired by writing an order, but could only receive them through the window. The lawyer had numerous books brought to him, by which he taught himself a range of skills and information. Despite this, he suffered tremendously. He had no human interaction, causing him to feel alone and depressed. This theme also transpired in ‘Cathedral. ’ Both the wife and husband experienced se gregation. ‘You [husband] don’t have any friends. ’ This quote demonstrates social isolation experienced by the husband. Consequently, as a result of this, he felt feelings of disconnectedness and did not have the opportunities to make use of the resources available to them in a society. His mental health and everyday functioning is compromised. The wife also experienced feelings of isolation ‘where one night she got to feeling lonely and cut off from people she kept losing in that moving-around life. She went in and swallowed all the pills and capsules in the medicine chest and washed them down with a bottle of gin. Then she got into a hot bath and passed out. ’ This quote emphasises the extreme result of the effects of social isolation upon an individual. The wife felt disconnected from her [former] husband and felt incapable to control or cope successfully within her situation. She didn’t have a social network or support group to assist her in maintaining mental stability. It provides an indication of the tormented past experienced by the wife, her struggles and emotional defeat. Both Chekhov and Carver explore the struggles of real life that individuals face in society. These include; greed and jealousy one can be emerged in, how easily one takes things for granted and the evident influence of isolation within the normality of everyday life.

Jones Ironworks Case Solution free essay sample

The payment system would be more effective as a piece rate. This should effectively increase the employees’ incentive to produce efficiently. The piece rate will encourage higher production. It will benefit employees for them to know that if they work harder, they will get more money. Under the other system, they could work inefficiently and get paid the same amount as someone who was working much more efficiently. This encourages the inefficient people to not work harder, and the efficient people to feel undervalued for their work. Under the new payment system, the employees are financially motivated to work hard in order to get more earnings. This system will also keep more experienced employees staying at work and dramatically reduce the waste in time and money for training and outfitting new employees. To encourage them to stay, Jones Ironworks needs to raise their wage to some extent. It’s rather worthwhile and reasonable to do it according to the Freddie Jones’ demonstration: paying with piece rate, the actual increase in cost per hour is only around 13% over the current cost, but it can save the company more than 10% in labor productivity and 6% of total payroll due the elimination of the waste in training and outfitting the new employees. We will write a custom essay sample on Jones Ironworks Case Solution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2) I don’t agree with Freddie’s father calculation of the increase in cost per unit with regard to the change into the piece rate payment system. He sticks to use the lower estimated standard hours per unit instead of the actual hours per unit. His claim that it might be reasonable to reduce people’s pay for poor performance, is a terrible idea in a company with such high turnover. If he reduces pay or keeps this system, employee turnover will continue to remain high, which leads to high training costs, and lower efficiency. ) Freddie’s father should try to see how much more valuable an experienced employee is than a new employee. He thinks they’re all just laborers, but fails to realize how much better the company could do if it operated almost entirely with experienced employees. And if the company operated more efficiently, it will produce more units, receive more income, and be able to pay it’s employees more to keep them happy and employed at his company. Considering how much more efficient an experienced employee is, the company should do whatever it takes to keep these employees coming back. The piecerate system is a great idea and worth trying in order to see if it will keep employees coming back. If it doesn’t work, they should talk to employees and ask them what it will take to keep them employed at Jones Ironworks, and then follow through on it. Keeping experienced employees is this companied number one priority.

Impact of the Dynasties On China essays

Impact of the Dynasties On China essays Everything in China seems larger than life, its culture and its civilization goes back five thousands years. Its vast area of more than 3,690,000 square miles is the third largest in the world. With a population of more than 1 billion, it is earth ¡Ã‚ ¯s most populated country. The Himalayas along China's southwestern region with India are the world's tallest mountains. China's greatest river, the Yangtze, is the world's fourth longest. The Taklimakan Desert, in western Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is one of the driest spots on Earth. China has a great wealth of mineral and natural resources. Reserves of coal, petroleum, iron ore, tungsten, tin, bauxite, copper, limestone, and many other minerals needed in modern industry are abundant. Used in manufacturing and exported for money, these resources provide China with a foundation for industrial growth. With these great resources and lands China were able to grow into one of the world ¡Ã‚ ¯s longest lasting historical nation. For China to maintain in current level of power 13 or more times the ruling dynasties were changed. Through all of them there are four dynasties that effected China in every aspect of the life currently, those dynasties are Qin, Han, Tang, Yuan, and Qing. For the first time China was unified in 221 B.C. This dynasty formed because it was the most aggressive group of the Warring States, from its other rival states. (Qin in Wade-Giles romanization is Ch'in, from which the English China probably formed.) Once the king of Qin came into power, he took the title Shi Huangdi. The Qin kings had relied heavily on scholar-advisers. Qin was well known for frequent military expeditions pushing forward the borders in the north and south. To defend off barbarian intrusion, the walls built by the warring states were connected to make a 5,000-kilometer-long great wall. What is commonly referred, as the Great Wall is actually four great walls rebuilt or extended during the We...

Challenges to the Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka

Challenges to the Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka Apparel Industry of Sri Lanka â€Å"Garments Without Guilt† 1.0 Objectives of the Assignment Study and analyze a Sri Lankan export oriented apparel industry in order to Identify the nature and the challenges faced by the apparel industry. Identify the domestic and international policies in relation to the apparel industry Make recommendations based on the future trends for the sustenance of the industry. 2.0 The Apparel Industry of Sri Lanka at a Glance Figure 1: Fashion Garments from Srilanka Source: Next Annual Report, 2010The textile and the garment industry of Sri Lanka, established in the 1950s as an import substitution industry initially catered to the domestic consumption. With the introduction of the open economy and liberalization policies in year 1977 paved the way for the textile and the garment industry to enter the world market. The supportive measures adopted by the government by granting concessions, duty rebates, free import of raw material and machinery, lowe r taxes and tax holidays as well as the establishment of Free Trade Zones in the areas of Katunayake, Biyagama and Koggala contributed to the expansion of export apparel industry of Sri Lanka. C:UsersuserDesktopnext-clothing.jpg Being one of the leading exporting industries in Sri Lanka, the industry itself at present contributes to US $3.2 billion to the net foreign earnings in 2009. The GDP contribution from the industry in year 2009 is 10%. At the present context 350 – 400 factories are existent, providing direct employment opportunities to 330,000 which amount to 5% of the total workforce of the county. 3.0 Challenges Faced by the Apparel Industry of Sri Lanka Besides the withdrawal of the quota system & trade policies, inflexible labour markets, high competition from the other foreign countries, the apparel industry of Sri Lanka should survive and sustain its position in the world market. We have identified the below mentioned to be challenges faced by the apparel indust ry. 3.1 Over Dependence on Few Export Markets The apparel industry of Sri Lanka is only focusing on few export markets which consists of countries such as USA (64%) and European Union (30%). The other export markets accounts for 4% of the total apparel exports to Canada, Australia, China, Japan, Switzerland and Israel. Though, over 94% of supply is to USA and EU, Sri Lanka’s garment exports account only for 2.3% and 0.9% of USA and EU apparel import volumes respectively. With the prevailing global economic recession, faced by the main two above countries, the demand for apparel export has severely declined in the recent past, and a drastic reduction in the volumes consumed has been noted. 3.2 Insufficient Product Diversification Unavailability of diversified range of products in the apparel sector is identified as another major issue at present. The garments exports accounts for more than 90% of the total exports of the industry and has been identified to be a similar figure for the past two decades. Source: Brandix Annual Report, 2009 Figure 2: Production Section Sri Lanka yet focuses on four major types of items in the product coverage, which can be identified as shirts, blouses, trousers and jackets. Though 50 new items were introduced to the product coverage in year 2000, still the industry is highly concentrated on a few product categories. The quota restrictions imposed by major importers now limit the export of these popular items further.C:UsersuserDesktopimages.jpg

How it's hard to leave your country saudi arabia to study in USA Essay

How it's hard to leave your country saudi arabia to study in USA - Essay Example Another difficulty is experienced in line with the curriculum. The curricula of the two countries are very different. One needs to have the basic knowledge of course he wants to study in the USA. Bridging the gap between the two curricula especially where transition is made to advance education presents problems to the learners who are required to gather the basics first before catching up with the other students. Socialization is another problem; shifting to the USA requires one to leave their family, friends and relatives. Being all alone in a country where you are not acquitted to anyone poses a socialization problem especially as guidance is needed to settle. Knowing places in school, churches, and hospitals requires that one be acquitted with others. Making friends becomes a priority from such a person. Cultures are also different. Interacting with people can be difficult when there is a cultural barrier. Some of the things considered to be culturally inappropriate in Saudi Arabia may seem to be a routine in the USA. Saudi Arabia is a very conservative country culturally while the USA is much modernized and has a mixture of many cultures. Coping with the western culture is a big challenge for a Saudi Arabia

Best Snacks Problem Solution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Best Snacks Problem Solution - Essay Example The concepts and practices that are related to this are inclusive of observations, strategies and implementation of new alternatives within the company. The plan is also based on beginning to alter the practices and policies for research and development while adding in training to begin altering the organizational culture. The ability to develop this particular plan for Best Snacks is one which then requires movement into the culture and production based approaches within the company. By strategically implementing this perspective, there will be the ability to look into total quality management alternatives. Describe the Situation Issue and Opportunity Identification 1. The first issue is with Best Snack moving below other competitors. It is now slipping past other competitors as well as smaller businesses that are moving forward with new innovations. 2. R& D is no longer performing to the same measures that it did, leaving the product development behind from past years. 3. Marketing methods with old and new products are not being implemented outside of the expectations from the past development. 4. The organizational culture is not inviting in as many new options for product development because of the stability of products that are already available. 1. The first opportunity is to begin working toward innovation through the organizational culture, allowing new options and development to be made available. 2. Ability to increase the capacity for creativity within the company, allowing new products to be developed. 3. More opportunities for employees to change their role while growing an alternative organizational culture. 4. Training and development that will lead to more of a return of investment. Stakeholder Perspectives and Ethical Dilemmas The stakeholder perspectives are currently standing in a strong position because Best Snack has been a leader in snacks for 150 years. This is combined with the strong standing which remains with the company in the curren t position. However, the danger is that the company is falling to other competitors. From the stakeholder perspective, this becomes a threat to getting a return on investment while having the same strength with the investments which they are making. To change this, communication, strategies and implementation to remain ahead of other competitors is required, specifically to begin changing the skills, innovations and products within the market. While Best Snack needs to incorporate the new innovations, the approach needs to be one which is low risk, specifically so stakeholders will continue to invest and see a profit margin. The ethical dilemmas which are associated with the current approach is based on the risks that are associated with the training, development and alterations with the current culture. Changing this too much or taking risks which are not consistent with the needs of the company can also lead to the wrong developments and initiatives and may create a lack of the ri ght approach and investment to the current status. Making sure there is an approach that is consistent and which validates the changes and initiatives will also ensure that stakeholders and others have the right response while being clear of the changes being made. Frame the Right Problem The problem with Best Snack is based on the lack of innovation which is currently with the company, specifically because of the longer period of time that the same products have

Leadership Theories and the Bible Essay -- Papers Leading

Theories of Leadership Leadership is the ability of a person to influence people toward the attainment of a particular goal. Leadership is a people activity, not like administrative paper shuffling or problem solving. It is a dynamic force and involves the use of power. Out of the forces of leadership come four powerful characteristics: supportive, directive, participative, and achievement-oriented leadership. Although these types of characteristics are not considered ingrained personality traits, they reflect types of behavior every leader is able to adopt depending on the situation. The supportive leadership role involves showing concern for subordinates' well being and personal needs. This type of leadership behavior is open, friendly, and approachable. The person who has this type of leadership trait would be able to created a team climate and treats subordinates as equals. They move on a higher plain of trust. By seeking and finding support form his subordinates, the supportive leader shows his trustworthiness and integrity. He can be at times open to change. Supportive leaders have a high degree of emotional intelligence which means having a deep understanding of one?s emotions, strengths, weaknesses, needs and drives. The supportive leader will be able to recognize these traits in his subordinates because he possesses them as well. In the biblical sense, Two are better than one because they have a good reward for their hard work. "For if one of them should fall, the other one can raise his partner up. But how will it be with just the one who falls when there is not another to raise him up," Eccesiastes 4:9-10. God wants us to show concern for each other and give support when needed. These two p... ...en in Israel like Moses, whom the lord knew face to face, who did all those miraculous signs and wonders the Lord sent him to do in Egypt ? to Pharaoh and to all his officials and to his whole land. For no one has ever shown the mighty powers or performed the awesome deeds that Moses did in the sight of all Israel.? This clearly shows that God does not want us to dwell on monetary rewards. He wants us to communicate and lead on a higher plan and not dwell on what?s in it for me. God should be our reward. Because if we live for God, we will surely be an outcast to others. All four types of leaderships have there own share of ups and downs. None of them are really clear-cut. There are drawbacks in any type of leadership. But if you put God first in everything that you do, you will have a greater chance for success, and possibly the respect you deserve.

How Psychological Research Has Helped in the Understanding of Criminal Behaviour Essay

Albert Bandura created the bobo doll experiment in 1961, the aim of this experiment was to show that if children where witnesses to aggressive displays by an adult of some sort they would imitate this behaviour when given an opportunity. The tested group contained 36 young girls and 36 young boys all aged between 4 and 5 years which was then divided into 3 groups of 24 – the aggressive condition, the non aggressive condition and the control group. The first group involved the children watching aggressive models, where the children where then subdivided by sex of the role model they were exposed to. The second group involved the children watched non aggressive models, where the children were also subdivided by the sex of the role model which they were exposed to. This left the two conditioned groups subdivided into eight experimental groups each containing 6 subjects. They were 6 boys with the same sex model, 6 boys with opposite model, 6 girls with the same sex model and 6 girls with the opposite model. With 3 different groups, Bandura had created a complicated design for the study which resulted in 3 independent variables; the conditions the children were exposed to, the sex of the child and the sex of the role model. Each child was then tested individually and the findings where then recorded. The experiment was done in an artificial environment and the researcher manipulated the independent variables into the conditions. In stage one of the experiment, the children were brought into the experimental room by the examiner. The room was set out as a nursery play room since that was the appropriate setting for the age of the children. One corner of the room had been arranged as a child’s play area consisting of a small table and chair and picture stickers. In the opposite corner of the room was where the adult models would be followed by a small table and chair, tinker toy set and a five foot bobo doll. In the aggressive condition the model began by playing with the tinker toy set but after a couple minutes the model turned its attention to the bobo doll and was aggressive towards the doll in a very distinctive way. Were as in the non aggressive condition the model ignored the bobo doll and played with the tinker toys in a gentle manner. After 10 minutes the children where then taken into new room. In stage two of the experiment the children were brought into a room with relativity attractive toys. In this room the children were to be subjected to mild aggression arousal. Once the children started to play with the toys, the experimenter took them off the children claiming they had been reserved for the other children. The children were then taken into the last and final room for stage three of the experiment. In this room the children were told they could play with any toys in there, the toys in stage three consisted of both non aggressive and aggressive toys. The children were kept in the room for 20 minutes where observations were made through a one way mirror by judges. With the observation and findings of this experiment, three measures of imitation were obtained. For this study the observers’ looked specifically for responses from the children that were very similar to the display by the adult model. They included; imitation of physical aggression, imitation of verbal aggression and imitation of non verbal aggression. With these observations, the researchers were able to consider which children imitate the models, which models the children imitated and whether the children showed a general increase of aggressive behaviour. The main findings of this study were that the children in aggressive model condition made more aggressive responses than the children in the non aggressive condition. They also found that the boys made more aggressive responses than girls, as well as the sex of the children being more aggressive if the model was of the same sex. These findings support Bandura’s social learning theory that children learn social behaviour through observation learning, which children learn through imitation. This study has helped in the understanding of criminal behaviour as children learn through imitation and the environment which they grow up in have an effect on their behaviour. If a child has been brought up around abuse, criminal activity or consistent aggression then the child is most likely to offend by imitating their role model which could be a parent, sibling or even just a role model which they look up to. Philip Zimbardo (1971) – Stanford prison experiment – Dr Philip Zimbardo created the Stanford prison experiment in 1971, the aim of this experiment was to find out the psychological effects of prison life, and to what extent can moral people be seduced to act immorally. The study consisted of 24 students selected out of 75, the roles of these 24 men were randomly assigned, 12 to play prison guards and 12 to play prisoners. The prison set up was built inside the Stanford’s psychological department, doors where taken of laboratory rooms and replaced with steel bars in order to create cells. At the end of the corridor was the small opening which became the solitary confinement for the ‘bad prisoners’. Throughout the prison there were no windows or clocks to judge the passage in time, which resulted in time distorting experiences. After only a few hours, the participants adapted to their roles well beyond expectations, the officers starting displaying authorisation and subject some of the prisoners to humiliation and torture whilst the prisoners developed passive attitudes towards the guards and accepted the physical abuse that was given to them. On the second day with surprise an unexpected rebellion broke out, reinforcement was called and more guards where to be on duty however the prisoners refused to leave their cells, barricading themselves in. This early in to the experiment the prisoners had already felt a loss of identity to the extent they started to refer to themselves as their inmate number rather than name. Even Dr Zimbardo himself started to lose sight of his role in the experiment believing he was in fact a ‘prison superintendent’ rather than a psychologist. Due to the extent of the rebellion the guards were forced to show more authority over them which led to the creation of the ‘privileged cell’. In order to break down the ‘superior’ inmates the guards placed the good prisoners in the privileged cell for a few hours, then placed the good prisoners back into the bad cells causing confusion within the inmates, breaking the trust and isolating them. Within a week the study was abandoned as the experiment was no longer a simple simulation, instead the guards saw the prisoners as troublemakers they were made out to be. In response to this they began stepping up control, surveillance and aggression whilst the prisoner started breaking down emotionally being unable to handle the situation anymore. From the observations and information given by Dr Zimbardo’s reports, this study has helped in the understanding of criminal behaviour as it relates to imitation and conformity. The guards imitated the behaviour of real guards adapting the role quiet quickly. The prisoners also adapted the role quickly falling into depression and conforming to each other. This also helps how a person mental state can change their behaviour, with the prisoners they soon became depressed and mentally unstable, and this shows that when put into a certain disciplinary situation the mind adapts causing them to act immorally. Solomon Ashce (1951) – Conformity experiment- Solomon Ashce conducted the conformity experiment in 1951. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the extent of social pressure from a majority group can affect a person to conform. For this experiment Ashe used a lab experiment. Ashe used 8 participants for this experiment, 7 confederates and 1 naive participant. The 7 confederates had previously agreed to what their responses would be when presented with the line task. However the real participant had no knowledge of this and was led to believe that the other 7 participants were also real. With this experiment each person had to state aloud which line was most like the target line, (A, B or C). The answer was always an obvious one. The real participant always gave his or her answer last in order to see if they conformed or not. In some trials, the confederates gave the wrong answer whereas in some they gave the correct obvious answer. In the experiment there was 18 trials altogether and the confederates gave the wrong answer 12 out of the total 18. Ashce main observation was to find out if the real participant would end up conforming based on the majority views given by the other 7 participants. The results were then drawn up and out of the 18 trails, around 75% of the trials the real participant conformed even though he or she knew the answers were wrong. From the observations, this study has helped in the understanding of criminal behaviour as it explains that criminals may have previously been highly exposed to such aggressive behaviour causing them to conform. This shows that publicly any source of aggressive behaviour or criminal activity can lead to conformity causing more criminal behaviour. Anderson and Dill (2000) – Violence in video games study- Both Anderson and Dill conducted the relation between violence and video games study in 2000. The aim of this study was to find out how violent video games relate to aggressive behaviour. Their first study consisted of 227 students which were given a questionnaire in order to get data on their aggressive behaviour patterns. This study looked at the long-term exposure to video games and what effect it has on aggression towards people. The findings of the first study relating to the questionnaire came back with positive relations between the violence portrayed in video games and aggressive behaviour. The second study which Anderson and Dill conducted was to approach the impact that video games have on aggressive thoughts, social view and mood of a person. This study consisted of 210 students which were given a choice of 2 video games a non violent game ‘Myst’ or a violent interactive video game ‘Wolfstein 3D’. With the non violent game the objective was to travel the island of Myst, finding clues and making your own ending depending on the journey you took. With the violent game the objective was to eliminate the enemy ‘Adolf Hitler’ choosing your own hero and variety of weapons. With each game the students were allocated 3 slots for a period of 15minutes each. The findings of this study concluded Anderson and Dills knowledge and opinions that those exposed to the violent video game gained more aggressive behaviour than those who were not exposed to violence. From the observations, this study has helped in the understanding of criminal behaviour as it states that playing video games may increase aggressive behaviour because the violent acts are continually repeated throughout the game. Video games also encourage players to identify and interact through role play of their favourite characters causing them to imitate the character they are playing. Referring to first person in a game, it causes lead players to make their own decisions in the game affecting the actions of the character. Anderson and Dills studies show that after a limited amount of time playing violent video games, a player can start to automatically prime aggressive thoughts which can lead to aggressive behaviour. This shows that continually playing violent video games can affect a person’s thought patters leading to automatic aggressive behaviour through imitation of their favourite characters which could lead to criminal activity. Jahoda name study (1954)- Jahoda created the name study or as it is also called the self fulfilling prophecy. Jahoda studied the Ashanti tribe people who gave their boys ‘soul names’ depending on what day of the week they were born. For example, boys born a Monday were expected to be peaceful and full of good, whereas boys born on Wednesday which were called ‘Kwaku’ were expected to be aggressive and quick tempered. Jahoda found that when looking at prison and court records 13. 5% of boys that had been referred to court to court where from boys that were born on Wednesday, yet they were responsible for over 22% of violent crimes which was significantly higher than would be expected and shows that Wednesdays boys tended to live up to their reputation. However as for the boys born on Monday, they found that only 6. 9% of all juvenile cases where of minor offences. This implies that stereotypes of the boys behaviours depending on which day of the week they were born caused them to live up to expectations of their names. Jahoda concluded from all this that there was indeed nothing magical about the day of the week the boys were born on but of effect of expectations has on a person’s behaviour. From the observations and findings, this study has helped in the understanding of criminal behaviour as it links to the effect of rehabilitation and the study of the self fulfilling prophecy. If the offenders have the expectation that they should behave in such a way, rehabilitation may be more difficult. Overall the psychological theory of criminal behaviour suggests that negative expectations cause curtain’s to behave towards others in a specific way because their stereotypes – self fulfilling prophecy. Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) – Self fulfilling prophecy- Both Rosenthal and Jacobson also conducted a self fulfilling prophecy study and the way that people behave according to profiling or being stereotyped in 1968. Their study was conducted on students in a classroom which was also known as the ‘Pygmalion in the classroom’. The students were then put into groups of what the students think they will achieve, where they were then treated in a way that their ability group could achieve. All students completed an IQ test before the study. The findings of this study concluded Rosenthal and Jacobson’s theory that when people are put into groups or have been stereotyped into a group can cause people’s behaviour to change as they will live up to the expectations of the stereotype. The findings found were that after two years the students that were put into the group for higher levels achieved higher than the other students in any other group. These students were known to have been given additional feedback and extra attention so the finding expected had were correct. From the findings, this study has helped in the understanding of criminal behaviour as it shows that when categorised into a stereotype, people soon learn to live up to that expectation, behaving in a certain way. This also has an impact on a person’s self esteem, causing them to act undesirably and maybe even lead them to turn to crime. Eden (1990) – Self fulfilling prophecy- Eden also conducted the self fulfilling prophecy study in 1990, this study explains why some people turn to crime due to the way they have been stereotyped or labelled into a certain group. For this study, Eden looked at the training of 1000 Israeli soldiers and had them organised into 29 platoons. Some platoon trainers were told their groups were above the average potential but other trainers were told nothing. The findings of this study showed that after 10 weeks the performance of all soldiers were assessed and was found that on both the written exam and weapon test, the soldiers who had been told they were above the average potential did overall better than others, even though all soldiers were at an average level. These findings concluded Eden’s expectations that when labelled into a certain group, a person can adjust to behave according to expectations within the labelled group. This study has helped in understanding of criminal behaviour as it shows the stereotypes and labelled groups can influence a person’s self esteem leading them to behave in a certain way and if the stereotype is negative it can cause a person to turn to crime. Sheehan (1983) – TV violence and aggression Sheehan conducted the TV violence and aggression study in 1983. This study consisted of a group of middle class children aged between 5 and 10 to help find the link between children’s TV viewing and aggressive behaviour. Throughout the study data was gathered about the participants’ parents and the researchers also asked about the children’s aggressive fantasies to whether it would physically injure a person. Sheehan found that there were correlations between viewing violence and peer rated correlations for children that were aged between 8 and 10, with the correlations being stronger for the boys than the girls. The results were recorded by looking whether the child injured of irritated another person. These findings can relate to the social learning theory as he found that boys were more likely to imitate male models but overall looking at the data Sheehan collected, those who watched violent TV and films became more aggressive towards others than those who did not. This study has helped in understanding of criminal behaviour as it shows that continuously watching violent and aggressive TV programmes can affect a person’s thought patterns leading to automatic aggressive behaviour and imitation of their favourite characters which could lead to criminal activity.

Slave Revolts in Ancient Italy

According to Barry Strauss in * prisoners of war enslaved at the end of the Second Punic War rebelled in 198 B.C. This slave uprising in central Italy is the first reliable report of one, although it was surely not the first actual slave uprising. There were other slave uprisings in the 180s. These were small; however, there were 3 major slave revolts in Italy between 140 and 70 B.C. These 3 uprisings are called the Servile Wars since the Latin for slave is servus. First Sicilian Slave Revolt One leader of the slave revolt in 135 B.C., was a freeborn slave named Eunus, who adopted a name familiar from the region of his birth—Syria. Styling himself King Antiochus, Eunus was reputed to be a magician and led the slaves of the eastern section of Sicily. His followers wielded farm implements until they could capture decent Roman weapons. At the same time, in the western part of Sicily, a slave manager or vilicus named Kleon, also credited with religious and mystical powers, gathered slave troops under him. It was only when a slow-moving Roman senate dispatched the Roman army, that it was able to end the long slave war. The Roman consul who succeeded against the slaves was Publius Rupilius. By the 1st century B.C., roughly 20% of the people in Italy were slaves—mostly agricultural and rural, according to Barry Strauss. The sources for such a large number of slaves were military conquest, slave traders, and pirates who were particularly active in the Greek-speaking Mediterranean from c. 100 B.C. Second Sicilian Slave Revolt A slave named Salvius led slaves in the east of Sicily; while Athenion led the western slaves. Strauss says a source on this revolt claims the slaves were joined in their lawlessness by impoverished freeman. Slow action on the part of Rome again permitted the movement to last four years. The Revolt of Spartacus 73-71 B.C. While Spartacus was a slave, as were the other leaders of the earlier slave revolts, he was also a gladiator, and while the revolt centered in Campania, in southern Italy, rather than Sicily, many of the slaves who joined the movement were much like the slaves of the Sicilian revolts. Most of the southern Italian and Sicilian slaves worked in the latifundia plantations as agricultural and pastoral slaves. Again, local government was inadequate to handle the revolt. Strauss says Spartacus defeated nine Roman armies before Crassus defeated him.